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Dietary effect of Lippia citrodora essential oil on some hematological, biochemical, growth performance and body composition of Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus, 1758 2 2 This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different proportions of lemon bee brush essential oil on growth performance, carcass composition, and hematology and biochemical parameters of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Common carp with an average weight of 8 ± 0.2 g were fed for one month with a diet supplemented with Lemon beebrush essential oil (0.15 and 0.3 ml) and with normal diet as controls. The growth performance, body composition, biochemical and hematological factors were measured on day 30. Results of the present study showed that specimens fed a diet supplemented with Lemon beebrush EO in both dosages noticeably increased final weight (p<0.05). Group of fish fed on 0.15 and 0.3 LB in the diet had the lowest level in Hb and hematocrit indices (P<0.05). Lipid content was lower in fish fed 0.15 LB supplemented diet and ash was decreased in fish fed both LB supplemented diet. 1 15 2017/04/7 1396/1/18 2017/04/7 1396/1/18 H Gholipourkanani H Gholipourkanani Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resource, Gonbad Kavous University, Golestan, Iran iran F Jamali F Jamali Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resource, Gonbad Kavous University, Golestan, Iran iran H Jafaryan H Jafaryan Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resource, Gonbad Kavous University, Golestan, Iran iran E Gholamalipour Alamdari E Gholamalipour Alamdari Plant Production Department, College of Agriculture Science and Natural Resources, Gonbad Kavous University, Golestan, Iran. iran Lemon beebrush Carcass Blood parameters Common carp Abdel A., Mostafa Z.M., Ahmad M. H., Mousallamy A., Samir A. (2009) Effect of Using Dried Fenugreek Seeds as Natural Feed Additives on Growth Performance, Feed Utilization, Whole-body Composition and Entropathogenic Aeromonas hydrophilaChallenge of Monosex NileTilapia O. niloticus (L) Fingerlings. Australian Journal of Basic Applied Science 3, 1234-1245.##Abdelwahab A.M., El-Bahr S.M. (2012) Influence of black Cumin seeds (Nigella sativa) and Turmeric (Curcuma longaLinn.) mixture on performance and serum biochemistry of Asian Sea Bass, Lates calcarifer. World Journal of Fish & Marine Science 4(5), 496-503.##Adeyemo O.K. (2005) Haematological and histopathological effects of cassava mill effluent in Clarias gariepinus. Afrianc Journal of Biomedical Research 8(3),179-183.##Ali A., Al-Asgahn N.A., Al-Ogaily M.S., Ali S. (2003) Effect of feeding different levels of Alfalfa meal on the growth performance and body composition of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) Fingerlings. Asia. Fishereries Science 16, 59-67.##Alishahi M., Soltani M., Mesbah M. (2011) Effects of Dietary Silybum marinum extract on immune parameters of the Cyprinus carpio. Journal of Vetrinary Research 65(3) 255-263.##Anderson D. P. (1992) Immunostimulants, adjuvants and vaccine carriers in fish: application to aquaculture. In: Faisal, M., Hetrick, F.M. (Eds.), Annual Review of Fish Diseases. Pergamon Press, New York, pp. 281–307.##AOAC (1990) Official methods of analysis,14th edn. Association of official analytical chemists, Washington DC, USA. Bhadauria M. (2012) Propolis prevents hepatorenal injury induced by chronic exposure to carbon tetrachloride. EvidenceBased Complement & Alternative Medicine, Article ID 235358, 12 pages.##Branco P.A.C., Soares R.T.R.N., Bretas A.A., Cabral N.O., Vieites F.M., Bonaparte T.P., Mota T. (2010) Oleos essenciais em dietas para leit ~ oes rec em-desmamados. Global Science Technology 3, 75 – 83.##Chaney A.L., Merbach E.P. (1962) Modified reagents for determination of urea and ammonia. Clinical Chemistry 8,130-132.##Chen W. H., Sun L. T., Tsai C. L., Song Y. L., Chang C. F. (2002) Cold stress induced the modulation of catecholamine, cortisol, immunoglobulin M, and leukocyte phagocytosis in tilapia General & Comparative Endocrinology. 126, 90–100.##Citarasu T. (2010) Herbal biomedicines: a new opportunity for aquaculture industry. Aquaculture International 18,403–414.##Citarasu T., Sekar R.R., Babu M.M., Marian M.P. (2002) Developing Artemia enriched herbal diet for producing quality larvae in Penaeus monodon. Asian Fisheries Science 15, 21–32.##Chakraborty S.B., Hancz C. (2011) Application of phytochemicals as immunostimulant, antipathogenic and antistress agents in finfish culture. Review in Aquaculture 3, 103-119.##De Baulny M.O., Quentel C., Fournier V., Lamour F. and Le Gouvello R. (1996) Effect of long-term oral administration of ß-glucan as an immunostimulant or an adjuvant on some non-specific parameters of' the immune response of turbot Scophthalmus maximus. Distinguished Aquaculture Org. 26, 139-147.##De Torrengo M. P., Brenner R. (1976) Influence of environmental temperature on the fatty acid de saturation and elongation activity of fish (Pimelodus maculatus) liver microsomes. Biochimistry Biophysic Acta. 424, 36–44.##Escaffre A., Kaushik S., MambriniM. (2007) Morphometric evaluation of changes in the digestive tract of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) due to fish meal replacement with soy protein concentrate. Aquaculture 273, 127 – 138.##Fallahpour F., Banaee M ., Javadzade N. (2015) The effects of hydro-alcohol extract of follower of marshmallow (Althaea officinalis L.) on some biochemical and hematological parameters in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Journal of herbal drug 2(6), 73-83.##Galindo-Villega J., Hosokawa, H. (2004) Immunostimulants: towards temporary prevention of diseases in marine fish. In: Cruz Suarez, L. E., Ricque Marie, D., Nieto Lopez, M. G., Villarreal, D., Scholz, U. and Gonzalez, M. 2004. Avances en Nutricion Acuicola VII. Memorias del VII Simposium Internacional de Nutricion Acuicola. 16-19. Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico.##Grutter A. S., Pankhurst N. W.(2000) The effects of capture, handling, confinement and ectoparasite load plasma levels of cortisol, glucose and lactate in the coral reef fish Hemigymnus melapterus. Journal of fish biology 57, 391-401.##Ji S.C., Jronh G.S., Gwang-Soon I.M., Lee S.W., Yoo J.H., Takii K.(2007) Dietary medicinal herbs improve growth performance, fatty acid utilization, and stress recovery of Japanese flounder. Fisheiesr Science 73(1), 70-76.##Li P., Burr G. S., Goff J., Whiteman K. W., Davise K. B., Vega R. R., Neill W. H., Gatlin D.M. (2005) A preliminary study on the effects of dietary supplementation of brewer's yeast and nucleotides, singularly or in combination, on juvenile red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Aquaculture research 36, 1120- 1127.##Nabuurs M.J.A. (1995) Microbiological, structural and functionalchanges of the small intestine of pigs at weaning. Pig News Information 16, 93 – 97.##Nandeesha M.C., Gangadhar B., Varghese T.J., Keshavanath P. (1998) Effect of feeding Spirulina platensis on the growth, proximate composition and organoleptic quality of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L. Aquaculture Research 29(5), 305–312.##Nobahar Z., Gholipour-Kanani H., Kakoolaki S.H., Jafarian H. (2014) Assessment of stress response in great sturgeon (Huso huso) associated with dietary intake of some herbal plants. Iranian Journal of Aquatic Animal Health 1(1), 63-69.##Ojha M.L., Chadha N.K., Sain V.P, Damroy I., Chandraprakash S., Sawant P.B. (2014) Effect of ethanolic extract of Mucuna pruriens on growth, metabolism and immunity of Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822) fingerlings. International Journal of Fauna & Biological Studies 1 (5), 1-9.##Omoniyi I, Agbon A.O., Sodunke S.A. 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The effect of dietary propolis and pollen extracts on growth performance and haematological responses of rainbow trout (Onchorhynchus mykiss) 2 2 The aim of this study was to determine the effect of propolis and pollen extract on biochemical and haematological parameters of Onchorhynchus  mykiss. One hundred and eighty healthy fish, O. mykiss (mean weight 20.57±4.48 g) were used for growth performance and haematological assays. They were randomly selected, and distributed among fifteen 600-L fiberglass tanks as three treatments (1% Pollen, 1% Proplils, 0.5% Pollen + 0.5% Proplils as groups 1-3, respectively), negative control as group 4 in triplicates at density of 30 fish each. After 8 weeks of the experiment, which the fish fed supplemented diets, final weight of all treatments showed no significant difference (p> 0.05) as well as WG and DGI. Definitely, all the treatments of the mentioned criteria showed a significant increase (p< 0.05) compared to control group. On the other hand, FCR showed a significance difference (p= 0.00) among the treatments and control so that its value for the group 3 was the minimum one (1.84±0.05) and followed by group 2 (2.36±0.03). Some criteria containing Hb, RBC, Hct and WBC showed a remarkable increase (p< 0.05) in group 3 compared to other groups while MCV and MCH was significantly lower in group 3 (p< 0.05). 16 25 2017/04/72017/01/20 1395/11/1 2017/04/72017/03/30 1396/1/10 N Choobkar N Choobkar Department of Fisheries, Kermanshah branch, , Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran iran S Kakoolaki S Kakoolaki Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran iran F Mohammadi F Mohammadi Department of Veterinary, Kermanshah branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran iran M Rezaeimanesh M Rezaeimanesh Department of Environment Science, Faculty of Environment, University of Environment, Karaj, Iran iran herbal medicine Pollen Propolis Onchorhynchus mykiss haematology Abd-El-Rhman, A.M. (2009) Antagonism of Aeromonas hydrophila by propolis and its effect on the performance of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Fish & shellfish immunology 27(3), 454-459.##Ardó, L., Yin, G., Xu, P., Váradi, L., Szigeti, G., Jeney, Z. & Jeney, G. (2008) Chinese herbs (Astragalus membranaceus and Lonicera japonica) and boron enhance the non-specific immune response of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and resistance against Aeromonas hydrophila. Aquaculture 275(1), 26-33.##Attia, Y., Al‐Hanoun, A., Tag El‐Din, A., Bovera, F. & Shewika, Y. (2011) Effect of bee pollen levels on productive, reproductive and blood traits of NZW rabbits. Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition 95(3), 294-303.##Dacie, J.V. & Lewis, S.M. (2001) Miscellaneous tests. Churchill Livingstone, Dacie and Lewis practical haematology.##Dinakaran Michael, R., Srinivas, S., Sailendri, K. & Muthukkaruppan, V. (1994) A rapid method for repetitive bleeding in fish. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology 32, 838-838.##El-Asely, A.M., Abbass, A.A. & Austin, B. 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Effect of dietary supplementation with ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract on growth, biochemical and hemato-immunological parameters in juvenile beluga (Huso huso) 2 2 The study was performed to examine the efficacy of ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract on growth performance, biochemical and hemato-immunological parameters in juvenile beluga (Huso huso). Fish were divided into 4 groups before fed diet for 8 weeks with 0.5%, 1% and 1.5% ginger extract and with unsupplemented commercial diet as the control. Results showed that there was a significant different in weight gain in fish fed ginger extract diet compared to the control (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in condition factor, feed conversion ratios, specific growth rate and survival between juveniles fed control and ginger extract supplementation (P>0.05). In addition, there were no significant differences of RBC, WBC counts, Hct, monocyte, lymphocyte, neutrophil, eosinophil, glucose, TPP, triglyceride, lipid and globulin levels between the treatment groups (P>0.05). Furthermore, alternative complement activity (ACH50), serum total immunoglobulin (Ig) and lysozyme activity were significantly increased in 1.5% ginger fed fish (P<0.05); however, it did not change the SOD activity, significantly (P>0.05). Therefore, the results suggest that by using 1.5% this extract there will be an improvement in hemato-biochemical parameters and immune function of juvenile beluga. 26 46 2017/04/72017/01/202017/04/11 1396/1/22 2017/04/72017/03/302017/04/11 1396/1/22 AH Vahedi AH Vahedi Department of Fisheries, Azadshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Azadshahr, Iran iran M Hasanpour M Hasanpour Department of Fisheries, Khazar Institue of Higher Education, Mahmoud Abad, Iran iran R Akrami R Akrami Department of Fisheries, Azadshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Azadshahr, Iran iran H Chitsaz H Chitsaz Department of Fisheries, Azadshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Azadshahr, Iran iran ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract growth hemato-biochemical immune response Huso huso Afsharnasab M., Kakoolaki Sh. & Mohammadidost, M. (2016) Immunity enhancement with administration of Gracilaria corticata and Saccharomyces cerevisiae compared to gamma irradiation in expose to WSSV in shrimp, in juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei: A comparative study. Fish and Shellfish Immunology 56, 21-33.##Ahmadi K., Banaee M., Vosoghi A.R., Mirvaghefei A.R. & Ataeimehr B. (2012) Evaluation of the immunomodulatory effects of silymarin extract (Silybum marianum) on some immune parameters of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Actinopterygii: Salmoniformes: Salmonidae). Acta Ichthyologia Et Piscatoria 42, 113–120.##Ai Q., Xu H., Mai K., Xu W., Wang J. & Zhang W. (2011) Effects of dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis and fructooligosaccharide on growth performance, survival, non-specific immune response and disease resistance of juvenile large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). Aquaculture 317, 155-161.##Akrami R., Nasritajan M., Jahedi A., Jahedi M., Razeghi Mansour M. & Jafarpour, S.A. 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Plasma enzymatic, biochemical and hormonal responses to clove oil, 2-phenoxy ethanol, and MS-222 exposed to Caspian brown trout (Salmo trutta caspius, kessleri) 2 2 The effects of three  anesthetics, clove oil (CO) ( 30 mgl-1), 2-phenoxy ethanol (2-PE) (0.3 mlL-1), and MS-222 (100 mgl-1) were examined on blood enzymes including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), albumin, glucose, and cortisol levels in the Caspian brown trout. Blood parameters were evaluated in the control (no anesthetics), and three other treatments 10 min and 24 h after the end of anesthesia. Significant increases  were seen in blood albumin, ALT, AST, glucose, and cortisol levels in the treatment 24 h following anesthesia by MS-222 compared to the control (p <0.05). Significant increase in blood glucose was also observed in the treatment 10 min after anesthesia withCO. Post-anesthesia cortisol levels significantly increased in 2-PE treatment after 10 min, in CO treatment after 10 min and 24 h, and in MS-222 treatment following 24 h compared to control. CK activity was significantly decreased only in 2-PE treatment in comparison to control. Except for the treatments of 24 h after anesthesia with MS-222 and 10 min after anesthesia by 2-PE, ALT enzyme activity did not show significant differences in all treatments compared to control (p >0.05). As results, MS-222 is less stressful than both 2-PE and CO in short term. The long term stressing effect of 2-PE was detected to be lesser than both MS-222 and CO.  So, based on the enzymatic and hormonal responses, MS-222 can be effectively used to reduce severe instantaneous stress such as surgery and spawning. 47 60 2017/04/72017/01/202017/04/112017/04/13 1396/1/24 2017/04/72017/03/302017/04/112017/04/13 1396/1/24 M Bahrekazemi M Bahrekazemi Department of Fisheries, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran IRAN N Yousefi N Yousefi Department of Fisheries, Qaemshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qaemshahr, Iran IRAN Caspian brown trout 2-phenoxy ethanol clove oil MS-222 Blood enzymes Ackerman P.A., Morgan J.D. & Iwama G.K. (2005) Anesthetics. CCAC guidelines on: The care and use of fish in research, teaching and testing. Canadian Council on Animal Care, Ottawa, 22.##Barham D. & Trinder P. (1972) An improved color reagent for the determination of blood glucose by the oxidase system. 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The Use of Innovative Nano emulsions and Nano-Silver Composites Packaging for anti-bacterial properties: An article review 2 2 Nowadays, the use of innovative Nano-technology in the food industry quality control has significantly increased and it is widely employed in numerous fields such as diagnosis of microbial toxin of foods using Nano-biosensors, increasing food shelf-life with the help of Nano-clay and Nano-silver packaging, as well as changing some of the unpleasant organoleptic properties such as taste, color, and smell which are specifically important in marine products, so that the usage of this technology is growing with an increasing pace . Numerous branches of this technology such as Nano-injection is used in medical fields in order to inject chemical mixtures for chemotherapy to the patients and avoiding the spread of these mixtures in the body organs and blood circulation system, in a way that the target tissue is only affected and  goes under chemotherapy. hey are utilized in diverse fields such as laboratory facilities, production of laboratory covers for impeding the penetration of acidic and even microbial materials into the cloths, as well as production of anti-acid tiles and ceramics which resist inflammation, absorption of acidic materials and solvents. Using zinc Nano-composites like Nano-titanium dioxide in food packaging has also had a paramount effect in controlling the contamination of products and increasing their shelf-life without apparent and physical changes of the product. 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(2017) Antimicrobial nanotechnology: research implications and prospects in food safety. 125-165.##Su, Q.Z., Lin, Q.B., Chen, C.F., Wu, L.B. & Wang, Z.W. (2017) Effect of organic additives on silver release from nanosilver-polyethylene composite films to acidic food simulant. Food Chemistry 228, 560-566.##Tierney, K.B. (2017) The Effects of Toxicants on Olfaction in Fishes. Reference Module in Life Sciences, Elsevier.##Vera, P., Echegoyen, Y., Canellas, E., Nerin, C., Palomo, M., Madrid, Y. & Camara, C. (2016) Nano selenium as antioxidant agent in a multilayer food packaging material. Analytical Bioanalytical Chemistry 408(24), 6659-6670.##Yamada, Y., Kogure, K., Nakamura, Y., Inoue, K., Akita, H., Nagatsugi, F., Sasaki, S., Suhara, T. & Harashima, H. (2005) Development of efficient packaging method of oligodeoxynucleotides by a condensed nano particle in lipid envelope structure. Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 28(10), 1939-1942.## ##

The biological effects of herbal medicine, Falcaria vulgaris: An article review 2 2 In traditional Chinese human medicine, herbs have been used as immunostimulants for thousands of years. Herbal medicines enhance the immunity level to resist more against the diseases. Among these herbs, Falcaria vulgaris a member of Apiaceae family, which is domestically known “Paghazou” and Ghaziaghi in farsi is traditionally has been used as dry powder in west and south-west of Iran, to accelerate skin wound healing for centuries. The major components of volatile oil Paghazeh were Spathulenol and carvacrol, which respectively belong to Sesquiterpene and Monoterpene and have antimicrobial activities. sickleweed (F. vulgaris) with 10% enriched diet feed has good effect to decrease the area of epidermis injuries experimentally formed in Cyprinus carpio. These herbs can be used as alternatives to common medicines, which have been confirmed to carry side effects.  74 81 2017/04/72017/01/202017/04/112017/04/132017/04/282017/03/21 1396/1/1 2017/04/72017/03/302017/04/112017/04/132017/04/282017/05/20 1396/2/30 N Choobkar N Choobkar Department of Fisheries, College of Agriculture, Kermanshah branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran iran S Kakoolaki S Kakoolaki Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute (IFSRI), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran iran F Mohammadi F Mohammadi Department of Veterinary, College of Agriculture, Kermanshah branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran iran Herbal medicine Falcaria vulgaris Ulcer Healing Afsharnasab, M., Kakoolaki, S. & Mohammadidost, M. (2016) Immunity enhancement with administration of Gracilaria corticata and Saccharomyces cerevisiae compared to gamma irradiation in expose to WSSV in shrimp, in juvenile Litopenaeus vannamei: A comparative study. Fish & Shellfish Immunology 56, 21-33.##Asadi-Samani, M., Bahmani, M. & Rafieian-Kopaei, M. (2014) The chemical composition, botanical characteristic and biological activities of Borago officinalis: a review. Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine 7, S22-S28. Bahmani, M. & Asadi-Samani, M. (2016) Native medicinal plants of Iran effective on peptic ulcer. Journal of Injury and Inflammation 1(1).##Chelladurai, G., Veni, T., Mohanraj, J. & Nagarajan, R. (2017) Effect of herbal extracts supplemented diets on non specific immunity and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in Indian cat fish (Mystus montanus). Journal of Zoological and Bioscience Research 1(1).##Choobkar, N. (2016) Effect of Falcaria vulgaris on skin wound healing and immune response of common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Veterinary Clinical Pathology 9(1), 1-9 (In Persian).##Delfan, B., Saki, K., Bahmani, M., Rangsaz, N., Delfan, M., Mohseni, N., Shirzad, H. & Babaeian, Z. (2014) A study on anti-diabetic and anti-hypertension herbs used in Lorestan province, Iran. Journal of HerbMed Pharmacology 3(2).##Jaberian, H., Piri, K. & Nazari, J. (2013) Phytochemical composition and in vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of some medicinal plants. Food chemistry 136(1), 237-244.##Jivad, N. & Bahmani, M. (2016) A review of important medicinal plants native to Iran effective on recovery from peptic ulcer. Der Pharm Lett 8, 347-352.##Kakoolaki, S., Akbary, P., Zorriehzahra, M.J., Salehi, H., Sepahdari, A., Afsharnasab, M., Mehrabi, M.R. & Jadgal, S. (2016) Camellia sinensis supplemented diet enhances the innate non-specific responses, haematological parameters and growth performance in Mugil cephalus against Photobacterium damselae. Fish & Shellfish Immunology 57, 379-385.##Khanahmadi, M. & Shahrezaei, F. (2008) Review and identify the chemical constituents of volatile oils of Falcaria vulgaris Bernh. Journal of Medicinal Plants 6(3), 52-57.##Khazaei, M. & Salehi, H. (2006) Protective effect of Falcaria vulgaris extract on ethanol induced gastric ulcer in rat. Iranian journal of pharmacology & therapeutics 5(1), 43-46.##Masoudi, S., Ameri, N., Rustaiyan, A., Moradalizadeh, M. & Azar, P.A. (2005) Volatile constituents of three Umbelliferae herbs: Azilia eryngioedes (Pau) Hedge et Lamond, Laser trilobum (L.) Borkh. and Falcaria falcarioides (Bornm. et Wolff) growing wild in Iran. Journal of Essential Oil Research 17(1), 98-100.##Moshafi, M.H., Mehrabani, M., Mahdikhani, S. & Saffari, F. (2015) Antibacterial Effects of Different Fractions of Extract of Falcaria vulgaris Bernh Fruits and Bioautography of Its Effective Fraction. Medical Journal of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences and Health Services 36(6), 74-79.##Ramavandi, B., Kafaei, R., Ebrahimi, A., Mozhgan, S. & Masoud, M.B. (2014) Evaluation of copper adsorption from aqueous solution using the leaf of Falcaria vulgaris. Pajouhan Scientific Journal 13(1), 42-51.##Sadeghi, Z., Akaberi, M., Emami, S.A., Sobhkhizi, A. & Sahebkar, A. (2017) Evaluation the Ethnopharmacological Studies in Iran During 2004–2016: A Systematic Review. Journal of Cellular Physiology.##Said, A.A., Kairy, M.H., Shalaby, A.M. & Ismail, H.T. (2017) The Effect of Carob Pods and Fig Fruits Ether Extracts against Lead Induced Hematological and Biochemical Changes in Oreochromis niloticus. Zagazig Veterinary Journal (Zag. Vet. J.) 45(1).##Shafaghat, A. (2011) Volatile oil constituents and antibacterial activity of different parts of Falcaria vulgaris Bernh. growing wild in two localities from Iran. Natural product research 25(4), 368-373.##Shakibaie, D. & Goodini, A.A. (2010) the role of nitric oxide in coronary vasodilatation extracted from Paghazeh extract (Falcaria vulgaris) in the isolated rat heart. Kordestan Medical Science Journal 4, 75-83 (In Persian).##Shakibaie, D., Pasharavesh, L., Khoshboo, S. & Kaboodi, B. (2007) The Effect of the "Falcaria Vulgaris" on Deep Skin Wound Remodeling Time and Skin Tension Power in Rats Journal of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences 10(3), 187-194 (In Persian).##Tahvilian, R., Shahriari, S., Faramarzi, A. & Komasi, A. (2014) Ethno-pharmaceutical ormulations in Kurdish ethno medicine. Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research 13(3), 1029-1039.## ##

Evaluation of growth and survival of Zebra fish, Danio rerio by flake food that formulated with spirulina 2 2 Danio rerio is one of the most beautiful ornamental fish living in fresh water and tropical water having a lot of fans in our country. This study aimed at investigating the effect of flaked diet with spirulina microalga feeding on growth and survival rates of Danio rerio in Mahshahr, south of Iran in 2014.  Three hundred and sixty zebra fish have been purchased and were randomly distributed among 12 aquariums, which the first group or control have been received commercial concentrated food (Energy co.), the 2nd group were fed basal diet enriched with 4% Spirulina. The 3rd group received enriched food with 12% of the same supplement diet and and finally, the 4th group was designed for 25% of Spirulina. The highest levels of condition factor and specific growth ratio were calculated for 4.394± 0.35 and 0.92 ±0.004, respectively. In addition, the lowest levels of daily feeding consumption and feed conversion ratio of 0. 35 ±0.035 and 0.037±0.01 were respectively obtained. In general, the inclusion of spirulina powder in feeding level of this fish would lead to gaining weight. Furthermore, the increase of spirulina microalga powder would affect the feed conversion ratio in its feeding level within a raising period of 60 days. Since there is no significant difference between 12 and 25% of the basal diet, it is concluded that the best feeding level is the basal diet enriched with4% spirulina.  82 89 2017/04/72017/01/202017/04/112017/04/132017/04/282017/03/212017/05/29 1396/3/8 2017/04/72017/03/302017/04/112017/04/132017/04/282017/05/202017/05/29 1396/3/8 A Bahmai A Bahmai Department of Fisheries, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran. iran M Ghaeni M Ghaeni Department of Fisheries, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran. iran L Roomiani L Roomiani Department of Fisheries, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran. iran spirulina flake Danio rerio feeding level growth survival Clark M.D., Hennig S, Herwig R., Cifton S.W., Marra M.A., Lehrach H., Johnson S.L. & Group W. (2001) An oligonucleotide fingerprint normalized and expressed sequence tag characterized zebrafish cDNA library. Genome Res., 11,1594–1602. ##Ezhil J., Jeyanthi C., & Narayanan M. (2008). Marigold as a carotenoid source on pigmentation and growth of red swordtail, Xiphophorus helleri. Turk J. Fish. Aqua. Sci., 8, 99-102. ##Grunwald D. J. (1996) A fin-de-siècle achievement: Charting new waters in vertebrate biology. Science 274, 1634–1635. ##Hamilton F. (1822) An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges and its branches. Edinburgh: Printed for A. Constable and Company.##Hill J. E., Kapuscinski A. R. & Pavlowich, T. (2011) Fluorescent Transgenic Zebra Danio More Vulnerable to Predators than Wild-Type Fish, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 140, 4, 1001-1005. ## Scaria J., Kumuthakalavalli J. & Xavier R.L. (2000) Feed utilization and growth response of selected ornamental fishes in relation to feeds formulated with Spirulina, mushroom and water fern. Ecol.Environ. 8,104-112.## ##Parichy H. (2006) Evolution of Danio pigment pattern development, Nature Publishing Group, Heredity, 1–11. ##Quigley I.K. & Parichy D.M. (2002) Pigment Pattern Formation in Zebrafish: A Model for Developmental Genetics and the Evolution of Form, Microscopy Research and Technique 58, 442–455.## ##Rinna Hamlin S, Jansi M. & Vasudhevan I. (2013) Effect of dietary Spirulina plantensis on feeding parameters of blue gourami, Trichogaster trichopterus. International Journal of Research in Fisheries and Aquaculture 3(3), 103-106. ##Smith M.A.K. (1981) Estimation of growth potential by measurement of tissue protein by measurement of tissue protein synthetic rates in feeding and fasting rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri.. J. Fish Biol.19, 213-220. ##Ungsethaphand, T. Peerapornpisal, Y., Whangehai . and Sardsud, U.(2010) Effect of feeding Spirulina plantensis on growth and carcass composition of hybrid red tilapia (Oreochromis massambicus×O. niloticus) Maejo. Int. J. Sci. Technol. 4(2), 331-336. ##Tongsiri, K., Mang-Amphan and Yuwadee P. (2010) Effect of Replacing Fishmeal with Spirulina on Growth, Carcass Composition and pigment of the Mekong Giant Catfish. Asian J. Agri. Sci.s 2(3), 106-110. ##Vogel G. (2000) Genomics. Sanger will sequence zebrafish genome,Science. 290, 1671.##Vonshak A. (1997) Appendics: Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira): Physiology cell-biology and biotechnology. Taylor and Francis Ltd., London, pp: 214. ##Watanuki H., Ota, K., Malin, A. C., Tassakka A. R., Kato T. and Sakai M. (2006) Immunostimulant effects of dietary Spirulina platensis on carp, Cyprinus carpio. Aquaculture 258, 157–163.## ##

Helminthes parasite Isolated from a cyprinid fish, (Capoeta barroisi (Lortet, 1894)) in Dalaki River, Boushehr province, Iran 2 2 This study was conducted to identify intestinal helminthes. The helminthes were collected from body cavity and intestines of 100 specimens of Capoeta barroisi which were obtained from Dalaki River and investigated between July of 2012 and April of 2013. Most of the 3 species of helminthes were found in the intestine and body cavity of the examined fishes. The helminthes found composed of 2 Nematodes which have been reported previously. A total of 50 parasites were found in the 26 infected fish. The observed nematode and acanthocephalan parasites were identified to genus and species level respectively Rhabdochona sp. Contracaecum sp. Neoechinorhynchus zabensis. Most parasite species found in this study have been reported for the first time in this fish species from Iran. These inland water parasites can infect other freshwater aquatic animals and even human, so identification of them is important for health centers and fisheries research. In this study prevalence of parasites were identified respectively 4,5and 23 and Mean intensity were 1, 1.5 and 1.7 was reported 90 100 2017/04/72017/01/202017/04/112017/04/132017/04/282017/03/212017/05/292017/06/9 1396/3/19 2017/04/72017/03/302017/04/112017/04/132017/04/282017/05/202017/05/292017/06/9 1396/3/19 j Mohajeri Borazjani j Mohajeri Borazjani Department of Fisheries and Natural Resources, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr ,Iran iran A Bagherpour A Bagherpour Department of Veterinary, Shoushtar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shoushtar, Iran. iran A Solymani A Solymani Graduated Student of Faculty of Marine Ecology, Hormozgan University, Bandar,Abbas, Iran iran I Mobedi I Mobedi Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health and Institute of public Health Research, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. iran Capoeta barroisi Helminthes Acanthocephalan Iran Abdoli A. (1999) Inland water Fishes of Iran. Naghshe mana publications, Pp. 38-54. (In Persian).##Amin, O. M., Abdullah, M. A. S. and Mhaisen, F. T. (2003) Neoechinorhynchus (Neoechinorhynchus) zabensis sp. n. (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from freshwater fish in northern Iraq. Folia parasitologica 50: 293–297.##Aydoġdu A., Emre Y., Emre N. and Altunel F.N. (2011) The occurrence of helminth parasites (Nemathelminthes) in some freshwater fish from streams discharging into Antalya Bay in Antalya, Turkey: two new host records from Antalya. Turkish Journal of Zoology 35(6): 859-864.##Bagherpour A., Afsharnasab M., Mobedi I., Jalali B., & Mesbah M. (2011) Prevalence & intensity of internal parasitic helminthes infected of Black sole fish, Brachirus orientalis (Bloch & Schneider, 1801) in Persian Gulf. Iranian journal of fisheries sciences 10(4): 570-584.##Bibak M., Rakhshani M., Hosseini S.A., Koohani M. & Moien M. (2012) Reproduction of Aphanius dispar dispar (Rüppell, 1829) in Dalaki River, Bushehr, South of Iran. World Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences 4 (6): 594-596.##Bilal S. & Abdulla S. (2009) Helminthic Fauna of Some Cyprinid Fishes from Bahdinan River, Northern Iraq. Journal of Arab Universities for Basic and Applied Sciences, 8: 17-29.##Bozorgnia A., Youssefi M.R., Barzegar M., Hosseinifard S.M. & Ebrahimpour S. (2012) Biodiversity of Parasites of Fishes in Gheshlagh (Vahdat) Reservoir, Kurdistan Province, Iran. World Journal of Fish and Marine Sciences, 4 (3): 249-253.##Bychowsky B E. (1949) Monogenetic trematodes of some fish of Iran collected by E.N. Pavlowsky. Trudi Zoologicheskovo Instituta Akademiya 4: 870-878.##Coad B.W. (1992) Freshwater fishes of Iran. A checklist and bibliography. Ichthyology Section Canadian Museum of Nature. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, P: 66.##Coad B.W. (1995) Freshwater fishes of Iran. Acta Scientiarm Naturalium Academic Scientuarum Bohemoslovacae Brno, Nova##Coad B.W. (2010) Freshwater Fishes of Iran. at www.briancoad.com, maintained by Brian W. Coad and Nicholas P. Coad, Pure Throttle Technologies Inc., Ottawa, Ontario.##Fadaei F., Mokhayer B. & Ghorbani, H. (2001) Identification of fishes and their parasites in Choghakhor lagoon. Veterinary Faculty Magazine of Tehran University 56(3): 109-113.##Friche R., Bilecenoglu M. & Sari H.M. (2007) Annotated checklist of fish and lamprey species (Gnathostomata and Petromyzontomorphi) of Turkey, including a Red List of threatened and declining species. Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde Serie A (Biologie).##Golestaninasab M., Malek M., Jalali B. & Mobedi, I. (2012) Variation in the sex ratio of Rhabdochona fortunatowi (Spirurida: Rhabdochonidae) in Capoeta capoeta gracilis (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae), relative to levels of infection, host size and temperature. Journal of Helminthology, 86(1): 41-45.##Gussev A.V. (1985) Parasitic metazoans (In Russian), In O.N. Bauer (ed); Key to the Parasites of freshwater fishes of the USSR. Vol. 3. Nauka, Leningrad.##Hanek, G. & Fernando, C. H. (1972) Monogenetic trematodes from New Providence Island, Bahamas. Journal of Parasitology 58 1117–1118.##Jalali Jafari B. & Miar A. (2011) Metazoan parasite community of Capoeta damascina (Valenciennes in Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1842), Tigris Basin, Mesopotamian region- a checklist. Iranian Journal of Veterinary Research, 12(3): 265-270.##Johargholizadeh G.A. (2006) Ecological survey of helminth parasites in Capoeta trutta and Cyprinion macrostomum from Dez river##Koyun M. (2012) the occurrence of parasitic Helminthes of Capoeta umbla in Relation to seasons, Host size, Age and Gender of the Host in Murat River, Turkey. journal of animal and veterinary advances, 11(5): 609-614.##Mhaisen F. T. (2002) Literature review and check lists of acanthocephalans of fishes of Iraq. Al-Mustansiriya Journal of Science, 13(1): 13-25.##Mokhayyer B. (1980) Study of fish parasites of Sefidrood basin. Tehran University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Thesis. (in persian).##Moravec F. (1994) Parasitic nematodes of fresh water fishes of Europe. Kluwes Academic Published. London, 473 Pp.##Moravec F. (2007) Nematode Parasites of fishes: Recent advances and problems of their research. Parassitologia: 49(3): 155-160.##Oĝuz M. C., Amin O. M., Heckmann R. A., Tepe Y., Johargholizadeh G., Aslan, B. & Malek, M. (2012) The discovery of Neoechinorhynchus zabensis (Acanthocephala: Neoechinorhynchidae) from cyprinid fishes in Turkey and Iran, with special reference to new morphological features revealed by scanning electron microscopy. Turkish Journal of Zoology, 36(6): 759-766.##Pazooki J. & Masoomian M. (2001) Nematoda parasites isolated from some freshwater fish species Gilan and Mazandaran provinces. Research and development journal, 14(2): 93- 99. (In Persian).##Pazooki J., Masoomian M. & Ghobadian M. (2005) Identification of some parasites of freshwater fishes of Zanjan Province, northwest Iran. Iranian Scientific Fisheries Journal 14: 23-40. (In Persian).##Pazooki J., Nazari Chamak F. & Masoumian M. (2012) New host records for fish nematodes from Iran. Journal of Cell and Animal Biology 6 (2): 15-20.##Pazooki J. & Sayar B. (2000) Study of gastrointestinal worm infestation from Barbus sp.in Aras River and its basin. Final report of Natural Resources Project (West Azerbaijan province). Iranian Fisheries Research Institute. (In Persian).##Peyghan R., Nabavi L. & Hoseini M.( 2004) Study of intestine worm infestation from Capoeta trutta, Barbus barbulus and Barbus##Roberts R. J. (2001) Fish Pathology.U.K.:W.B.Saunders. 472P.##Soltani M., Kakoolaki S. & Kisami M. (2000) Isolation and identification of dominant Vibrio species in farmed prawn of Heleh station, Bushehr. Journal of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran 55(2): 29-32.##Williams, J. S., Gibson, D. I. and Sadeghian, A. (1980) Some Helminthes parasites of Iranian freshwater fishes. Journal of Natural History, 14, 685-699.##Yamaguti S. (1961) Systema halnithum, Vol. III, the Nematodes of Vertebrates, Part I, Interscience publishers.## ##

Bioaccumulation of heavy metals (Ni, V, Cu, Pb) in various tissues of Metapenaeus affinis in the Northwest of Persian Gulf 2 2 This study was carried out to detect the concentration of heavy metals (Ni, V, Cu, Pb) in the muscle, gills and hepatopancreas tissues of female and male of Metapenaeus affinis in Bahrekan Bay. Sampling was conducted in 15 stations in triplicate, on which the samples collected by Trawl net. After separation of tissues, samples were digested by acid digestion with nitric and percloric acid and hydrogen peroxide. The analyses for the detection of heavy metals were carried out by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The highest concentration of metals in gills, hepatopancreas and muscle was related to Cu (in males: 9.06 ± 0.15 mg kg-1), (in males: 26.80 ± 0.20 mg kg-1), (in females: 16.83 ± 0.76 mg kg-1), respectively while the lowest one found for V in gills and hepatopancreas, respectively inmale: 1.26 ± 0.20 mg kg-1 and (in females: 1.40 ± 0.10 mg kg-1). Ni, V and Cd were no detected in all muscle samples. The alteration process of Cu in both sexes in the selected tissues order as hepatopancreas > muscle > gills. The alteration process of Pb, Ni and V in both sexes in the selected tissues order as hepatopancreas > gills> muscle.  Significant differences (P<0.05) were recorded between the metal concentrations in all tissues except muscle. 101 113 2017/04/72017/01/202017/04/112017/04/132017/04/282017/03/212017/05/292017/06/92017/06/27 1396/4/6 2017/04/72017/03/302017/04/112017/04/132017/04/282017/05/202017/05/292017/06/92017/06/27 1396/4/6 M Mohammadi Rouzbahani M Mohammadi Rouzbahani Department of Environmental Pollution, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran iran Heavy metals Metapenaeus affinis Bahrekan Bay Bioaccumulation Adedji O.B. & Okocha R.C. (2011) Assessment level of heavy metal in Prawn (Macrobrachion) and Water from Epe Lagoon. Advances in Environmental Biology 5(6), 1342-1345.##Anderson M.B., Preslan J.E., Jolibois L., Bollinger J.E. & George W.G. (1997) Bioaccumulation of lead nitrate in red swamp cryfish (Procambarus clarkii). Journal of Hazard Matter 54(1-2), 15-29.##Andy H.H.H., Abdallah A.M. & Tayel F. (2007) Assessment of heavy metals and nonessential content of some edible and soft tissues. Egyption journal of Aquatic Research 33(1), 85-97.##Balkas T.I., Turul S. & Saliholu I. (1982) Trace metal levels in fish and crustaceans from northeastern Mediterranean coastal waters. Marine Environmental Research 6(4), 281-289.##Bin Mookhtar M., Zaharin Aris A., Munusamy V. & Mangala Praveena S. (2009) Assessment Level of Heavy Metals in Penaeus Monodon and Oreochromis Spp in Selected Aquaculture Ponds of High Densities Development Area. European Journal of Scientific Research 30(3), 348-360.##Biney C.A. A.T., Amuzu D., Calamari N., Kaba H., Naeve M.A.H. & Saad A. (1991) Review of heavy metals in the African Aquatic Environment. Ecotoxicology of Environment 8, 134-159.##Bliss D.E. (1983) The Biology of Crustacea: Environmental Adaptations vol. 8. Academic Press, 471 pp.##Canli M. & Atli G. (2003) The relationships between heavy metal dissolved in sea water and influences of sex and size on metal accumulation and tissue distribution in the Norway Iobster Nephrops norvegicus. Marine Environment Reasearch 36, 217-223.##Chester R. & Hughes R.M. (1967) A chemical technique for the separation of ferro-manganese minerals, carbonate minerals and adsorbed trace elements from pelagic sediment. Chemical Geology 2, 249–262.##Dall W. & Moriarty D.J.W. (1983). Functional aspects of nutrition and digestion. Biology of Crustacea 5, 215-261.##Dashtiannasab, Kakoolaki S., Sharif Rohani M. & Yeganeh V. (2012) In vitro effects of Sargassum latifolium (Agardeh, 1948) against selected bacterial pathogens of shrimp. Iranian Scientific Fisheries Journal 11(4) 765-775.##Fairbrother A., Wenstel R., Sappington S. & Wood W. (2007) Framework for metals risk assessment. Eco-toxicology and Environmental Safety 68, 145–227.##FAO. (1983) Compilation of legal limits for hazardous substances in fish and fishery products. FAO Fishery Circular 464, 5-10.##Guhathakurta H. & Kaviraj A. (2000) Heavy metal concentration in water, sediment, shrimp (Penaeus monodon) and Mullet (Liza parsia) in some brackish water bonds of Sunderban, India. Marine Pollution Bulletin 40(11), 924-920.##Hamilton S.J. & Hafman D.J. (2003) Trace element and nutrition in traction in fish and wildlife. Hand book of ecotoxicology (2nd-edition).##Hendozko E., Szefer P. & Warzocha J. (2010) Heavy metals in Macoma balthica and extractable metals in sediments from the southern Baltic Sea. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 73, 152–163.##Jones M.M. & Cherian C. (1990) Cadmium, a unique metal. 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